What is a mass departure or emigration called?

The term that describes a mass departure or emigration is "exodus." This word is often used to characterize a large group of people leaving a particular place simultaneously, usually due to challenging circumstances such as war, famine, or oppression. The historical and biblical contexts of the term emphasize its association with significant movement and change, highlighting the scale and impact of such departures.

The other choices do not relate to mass departure. A stipend is a fixed regular payment, typically for services or as a scholarship allowance, and does not carry the meaning of departure or emigration. Largesse refers to the generosity in giving, often in a lavish manner, which is unrelated to the concept of people leaving. Subservience indicates a state of being submissive or obedient, which does not connect with the idea of a mass exit. Thus, "exodus" is the most appropriate term to denote a significant movement of people away from a location.