What does the term "perverse" imply about a situation or person's disposition?

The term "perverse" typically signifies a willingness to behave in an unreasonable or contrary manner, often against what is expected or considered acceptable. When applied to a person's disposition, it suggests a stubbornness or determination to act in ways that might be contrary to reason or social norms. This stubbornness can manifest as a disregard for what is generally considered right or moral, leading to behavior that is irrational or out of alignment with the situation at hand.

Promoting good or showing kindness directly contradicts the connotation of "perverse," which centers on opposition and deviation from expected behavior. Similarly, seeking approval implies a desire to align one's actions with what is deemed acceptable by others, which stands in stark contrast to the inherent defiance associated with being perverse. Therefore, the choice indicating stubbornness accurately captures the complexity of the term and reflects its negative inclination toward unyielding behavior.